Data from Brazil’s National Institute for Space Research (INPE) show that deforestation in the Amazon rainforest increased by 18% year-on-year in March 2025, mainly in the states of Pará and Mato Grosso. Illegal logging and mining activities have led to a loss of biodiversity and a shrinking of habitat for endangered species such as orangutans. Environmentalists have warned that without increased enforcement, the rainforest could breach an “ecological tipping point” by 2030, triggering irreversible desertification.

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