Marine plastic pollution has evolved from a localized issue into a global ecological catastrophe. Annually, approximately 9–14 million tons of plastic enter the oceans—equivalent to one full garbage truck of plastic dumped into the sea every minute. The cumulative plastic in the oceans now ranges from 75 million to 199 million tons, accounting for over 85% of all marine debris. This pollution is irreversibly eroding marine ecosystems and threatening human health.

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