In May 2025, nine critically ill patients died after being injected with fentanyl contaminated with Klebsiella pneumoniae in a serious medical incident at the Italian Hospital in La Plata, Argentina. Investigations revealed that the company involved, HLB Pharma Group, had a long history of flawed manufacturing processes and that its medicines had been repeatedly recalled by regulators due to cross-contamination. The incident has exposed regulatory loopholes in the pharmaceutical industry in the South American country, and the Argentinean National Agency for Medicines, Food and Medical Technology (ANMAT) has suspended the company’s operations and initiated criminal proceedings.

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